Stroke animation unavailable for this character.

Codepoint: U+5148 (20808) Unified

Definitions

CC-CEDICT

  1. beforehand; first; earlier
  2. at first; originally
  3. for the time being; for now
  4. (prefix) my late (in referring to deceased relatives older than oneself)

Unihan definition

first, former, previous

說文解字

部: 先部

前進也。从儿从之。凡先之屬皆从先。

康熙字典

部: 儿部4畫 共6畫

【唐韻】【正韻】蘇前切【集韻】【韻會】蕭前切,𠀤霰平聲。
【說文】先,前進也。从人之。
【徐曰】之,往也,往在人上也。一曰始也,故也。
【玉篇】前也,早也。
【孝經·感應章】必有先也。
【老子·道德經】象帝之先。
又祖父已歾曰先。
【司馬遷·報任安書】太上不辱先,其次不辱身。
又姓。
【韻會】晉有先軫。
又【韻會】凡在前者謂之先,則平聲。先而導前與當後而先之,則去聲。
又【唐韻】【集韻】【韻會】【正韻】𠀤先見切,音霰。
【增韻】先之也。
【正韻】相導前後曰先後。
【周禮·夏官·大司馬】以先愷樂,獻于社。【註】先猶導也。
【史記·酈食其傳】沛公吾所願從游,莫爲我先。
又先事而爲曰先。
【易·乾卦】先天而天弗違。
【禮·月令】先立春三日。
又當後而前曰先。
【左傳·文二年】不先父食。
【孟子】疾行先長者。
【老子·道德經】先天地生。
又【廣韻】娣姒曰先後。
【前漢·郊祀志】神君者,長陵女子。以乳死,見神于先後宛若。【註】孟康曰:兄弟妻相謂先後。師古曰:古謂之娣姒,今關中俗呼爲先後,吳楚呼之爲妯娌。
又【韻會】【正韻】𠀤蘇典切,音跣。
【越語】句踐親爲夫差先馬。
【韻會】前漢太子,太傅少傅屬官有先馬。後漢職如謁者,太子出,則當直者前驅導威儀也。或作洗。

廣韻 Guangyun

部: 下平聲|1.先

蘇前切先後也又姓左傳晉有先軫又蘇薦切四

Properties

Strokes & radicals

Pronunciation

Translingual 2
Fanqie 1
General Chinese (Chao, 1983) 1
Mandarin Chinese 45
Standard Mandarin 1
Beijing 1
Jinan 1
Suzhoushi 1
Woyang 1
Linquan 1
Yingshang 1
Xiaoxian 1
Bengbushi 1
Fengyang 1
Shouxian 1
Xian 2
Wuchang 1
Guilin(Lingui) 1
Liuzhou(Luorong) 1
Huaiyuan 1
Huainan 1
Chuxian(Chuzhou) 1
Hefei 2
Chaoxian(Chaohu) 1
Old National Pronunciation 2
Wuhu 1
Tongcheng(Anhuishengzhi) 1
Xuancheng 1
Guichi 1
Manju Hergen (1763) 3
  • 1763 Manchu transcription (Manchu script): ᠰᡳᠶᠠᠨ (Takekoshi 竹越, Takeshi 孝. (2011). 『兼滿漢語滿洲套話清文啓蒙』満洲文字注音一覧表. KOTONOHA, (101).)
  • 1763 Manchu transcription (Latin script): siyan (Takekoshi 竹越, Takeshi 孝. (2011). 『兼滿漢語滿洲套話清文啓蒙』満洲文字注音一覧表. KOTONOHA, (101).)
  • 1763 Manchu transcription (IPA): sijan (Takekoshi 竹越, Takeshi 孝. (2011). 『兼滿漢語滿洲套話清文啓蒙』満洲文字注音一覧表. KOTONOHA, (101).)
Anqing 1
Menggu Ziyun 8
  • Menggu Ziyun 蒙古字韻 (Phags-pa script): ꡛꡦꡋ ((Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025))
  • Menggu Ziyun 蒙古字韻 (Phags-pa script): ꡛꡦꡋ (Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025)
  • Menggu Ziyun 蒙古字韻 (IPA): sjen ((Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025))
  • Menggu Ziyun 蒙古字韻 (IPA): sjen (Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025)
  • Menggu Ziyun 蒙古字韻 tone: 去 ((Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025))
  • Menggu Ziyun 蒙古字韻 tone: 平 ((Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025))
  • Menggu Ziyun 蒙古字韻 tone: 去 (Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025)
  • Menggu Ziyun 蒙古字韻 tone: 平 (Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025)
Zhongyuan Yinyun 5
  • Zhongyuan Yinyun 中原音韻 (楊耐思): siɛn (周德清, 1324; nk2028/zhongyuan-data, 2023)
  • Zhongyuan Yinyun 中原音韻 (寧繼福): siɛn (周德清, 1324; nk2028/zhongyuan-data, 2023)
  • Zhongyuan Yinyun 中原音韻 (薛鳳生): syen (周德清, 1324; nk2028/zhongyuan-data, 2023)
  • Zhongyuan Yinyun 中原音韻 (unt): sjɛn (周德清, 1324; nk2028/zhongyuan-data, 2023)
  • Zhongyuan Yinyun 中原音韻 tone: 陰 (周德清, 1324; nk2028/zhongyuan-data, 2023)
Jin Chinese 2
Taiyuan 2
Wu Chinese 40
Danyanghouxiangtongjiaqiao 1
Jingjiang 1
Danyang 1
Jiangyin 1
Changzhou 1
Jintanxigang 1
Liyang 1
Yixing 1
Changshu 1
Wuxi 1
Baoshanshuangcaodun 1
Kunshan 1
Suzhou 1
Suzhou(Dangdaiwuyu) 1
Shanghai(Sanlintang) 2
Wenzhou 1
Yunhe 1
Kaihua 1
Longyou 1
Changshan 1
Jiangshan(Jiangshanshi) 1
Yushan 1
Suichang 1
Guangfeng(Yongfengzhen) 1
Pucheng(Nanpuzhenchengguanhua) 1
Qingyuan 2
Xuanzhoushiqiugongxiang 1
Wuhuxian 1
Fanchang 1
Tonglingxian 1
Nanling(Xianfanghua) 1
Jingxian 1
Guichishimaotanxiang 1
Ningguoshizhuangcunxiang 1
Guichishiguankouxiang 1
Ningguoshinanjixiang 1
Huangshanqugantangzhen 1
Shitai 1
Hui Chinese 6
Jingde(Anhuishengzhi) 1
Jixi(Anhuishengzhi) 1
Huangshan(Tangkou)(Anhuishengzhi) 1
Yixian(Anhuishengzhi) 1
Qimen(Anhuishengzhi) 1
Tunxi(Anhuishengzhi) 1
Gan Chinese 27
Duchang 1
Xiushui 1
Pingjiang(Nanjiang) 1
Anyi 1
Yifeng 1
Xinyu(Shatu) 1
Liling(Baitutan) 1
Jishui(Luotian) 1
Yongxin 1
Chaling 1
Nancheng 1
Shaowu 1
Taining(Chengguanhua) 2
Jianning 1
Jianning(Chengguanhua) 1
Yugan 1
Yiyang 1
Yangxin(Guohe) 1
Yuexi 1
Huaining 1
Qianshan 1
Taihu 1
Susong(Heta) 1
Susong(Anhuishengzhi) 1
Wangjiang 1
Dongzhi 1
Xiang Chinese 6
Zhangsha 2
Shuangfeng 2
Quanzhou(Xiancheng) 1
Guanyang(Wenshi) 1
Min Chinese 73
Nanan(Ximeizhen) 2
Jinjiang(Qingyangzhen) 2
Zhangzhou 2
Shamen 3
Zhangpu 2
Datian(Qianluhua) 1
Chaozhou(Fuchenghua) 2
Chaozhou(Hanyufangyinzihui) 2
Jieyang(Rongchenghua) 1
Chenghai 1
Shantou(Shantoushiqu) 2
Haifeng(Haichengzhen) 2
Lufeng(Neihuzhen) 2
Dabuyuanzhouzi(Xianggangxinjiefulaohua) 1
Dianbai(Xiadongzhenlihua) 2
Haikang(Leichenghua) 2
Xianyou(Chengguanhua) 2
Putian 2
Gutian 2
Mazu 2
Fuzhou 3
Fuqing 3
Zherong 3
Fuan 2
Ningde 2
Chongan(Chongchengzhenchengguanhua) 1
Shibei 2
Jianyang(Tanchengzhenchengguanhua) 1
Songxi 2
Jianou 2
Jianou(Shizhi) 2
Shaxian(Chengguanhua) 2
Mingxi(Chengguanhua) 1
Sanming(Sanyuanhua) 1
Pingnan(Shangduyabu)(Guangxihanyufangyan) 1
Zhongshan(Longdou)(Zhujiangsanjiaozhou) 2
Zhongshan(Longdou)(Guangdongminfangyan) 2
Zhongshan(Sanxiang) 1
Mangu(Chaozhouhua) 1
Jiangle(Chengguanhua) 2
Yue Chinese 81
Cantonese 1
Lechang 1
Renhua 1
Shaoguan 1
Qujiang(Maba) 1
Yingde 1
Fugang 1
Qingyuan 1
Conghua(Chengnei) 1
Huaxian(Huashan) 1
Guiping(Xiancheng) 1
Zengcheng(Xiancheng) 1
Sanshui(Xinan) 1
Guangzhou 1
Zhaoqing(Gaoyao) 1
Foshan(Shiqu) 1
Panyu(Shiqiao) 1
Yunfu(Yuncheng) 1
Nanhai(Shatou) 1
Gaoming(Mingcheng) 1
Shunde(Daliang) 1
Xintianfantian(Weitouhua) 1
Xinxing 1
Dabusanmenzi(Danjiahua) 1
Dabutaiheng(Weitouhua) 1
Xianggang(Shiqu) 1
Xigonghaoyong(Weitouhua) 1
Aomen(Shiqu) 1
Ningming(Xiancheng) 1
Beihai(Lianzhouzhen) 1
Beihai(Nankangzhen) 1
Beihai(Shatianzhenhaibianhua) 1
Beihai(Shiqubaihua) 1
Beihai(Yingpanzhenwahua) 1
Bose(Shinei) 1
Nanning(Shinei) 1
Qinzhou(Shinei) 1
Beihai(Shinei) 1
Heshan(Yayao) 1
Jiangmen(Baisha) 1
Xinhui(Huicheng) 1
Kaiping(Chikan) 1
Doumen(Shanghengshuishanghua) 1
Taishan(Taicheng) 1
Doumen(Doumenzhen) 1
Enping(Niujiang) 1
Lingui(Wutong)(Tuhua) 1
Rongshui(Xiancheng)(Tuguaihua) 1
Lianxian(Qingshui) 1
Pingle(Zhangjia)(Tuhua) 1
Lianshan(Butian) 1
Yizhou(Desheng)(Baixinghua) 1
Yangshan 1
Mengshan(Xihe) 1
Xindou(Pumen) 1
Huaiji 1
Bose(Nabi)(Pinghua) 1
Guangning 1
Wuxuan(Zhangcun)(Yahua) 1
Fengkai(Nanfeng) 1
Sihui 1
Yunan(Pingtai) 1
Binyang(Xinqiao)(Binyanghua) 1
Deqing 1
Guigang(Nanjiang) 1
Nanning(Shajing)(Pinghua) 1
Luoding 1
Beiliu(Tangliao) 1
Hengxian(Xiancheng) 1
Fusui(Longtou)(Pinghua) 1
Chongzuo(Sipaihua)(Pinghua) 1
Bobai(Xiancheng) 1
Lingshan(Xiancheng) 1
Pubei(Xiancheng) 1
Zhongshan(Shiqi) 1
Zhuhai(Qianshan) 1
Dongguan(Guancheng) 1
Baoan(Shajing) 2
Xianggang(Xinjiejintian) 1
Mangu(Guangfuhua) 1
Pinghua 23
Ningyuan(Qingshuiqiao) 1
Longsheng(Hongyao) 1
Lingchuan(Sanjie) 1
Lingchuan(Tanxia) 1
Guilin(Chaoyang) 1
Guilin(Yanshanzhuyuan) 1
Lingui(Liangjiang) 1
Yongfu(Taocheng) 1
Yangshuo(Jima) 1
Lingui(Wutong) 1
Rongshui(Rongshuizhen) 1
Pingle(Qinglong) 1
Funing(Boai) 1
Bose(Nabi)(Pinghuayinyunyanjiu) 1
Mashan(Qiaoli) 1
Tiandong(Linfeng) 1
Binyang(Luxu) 1
Nanning(Tingzi) 1
Hengxian(Hengzhou) 1
Fusui(Longtou) 1
Longzhou(Shanglong) 1
Tengxian(Tengcheng) 1
Yulin(Fumian) 1
Hakka Chinese 51
Conghua(Lütian) 1
Heyuan(Guangdong) 1
Jiexi(Guangdong) 1
Meixian(Guangdong) 1
Huizhou(Shiqu) 1
Dongguan(Qingxi)(Kegongfangyandiaochabaogao) 1
Dongguan(Qingxi) 1
Shenzhen(Shatoujiao) 1
Shatoujiaomaqueling(Xianggangxinjie) 1
Xigonglizhizhuang(Xianggangxinjie) 1
Shatianchiniping(Xianggangxinjie) 1
Xianggang 1
Tunmenyangxiaokeng(Xianggangxinjie) 1
Liannan(Guangdong) 1
Wengyuan(Guangdong) 1
Ninghua(Fujian) 1
Zhangting(Fujian) 1
Wuping(Fujian) 1
Xiuzhuan(Fujianzhaoan) 1
Ningdou(Jiangxi) 1
Ningdouxianmeijiangzhen 1
Quannanxianchengxiangzhen 1
Shangyouxianshexixiangjiangtou 1
Gongxian(Jiangxipanlongzhen) 1
Nankangshirongjiangzhen 1
Dayu(Jiangxi) 1
Anyuanxianxinshanzhen 1
Xiushuixianhuangshaqiaoxiang 1
Sandou(Jiangxitonggu) 1
Xinyisihe 1
Xinyiqianpai 1
Yangchunsanjia 1
Gaozhouxindong 1
Lianjiangshijiao 1
Yangxitangkou 1
Dianbaishalang 1
Huazhouxinan 1
Lianjiangqingping 1
Wuzhouxihe(Mengshan) 1
Nanningmashan(Pianlian) 1
Yulinxingye(Gaofengxiang) 1
Yulinrongxian(Xiandizhenxiandicun) 1
Yulinbeiliu(Xilangzhenmumiancun) 1
Yulinbeiliu(Tangan) 1
Yulinfumian(Qiaozhenxinshacun) 1
Yulinluchuan(Kegongfangyandiaochabaogao) 1
Yulinluchuan(Hengshanxiangsihecun) 1
Yulinbobai(Xintianzhencuntoucun) 1
Zhongshan(Nanlangheshui) 1
Mangu(Banshankehua) 1
Malaixiya(Roufoshinaikejiahua) 1
Other Sinitic varieties 11
Fuchuan(Qidouhua) 1
Fuchuan(Badouhua) 1
Zhongshan(Gongan) 1
Hezhou(Jiudouhua) 1
Hunan(Daoxian) 1
Jiangyongchengguan(Baishuicun) 1
Fengyang 1
Xingzi 1
Xian 1
Baoan 1
Lianzhou 1
Middle Chinese 12
Stimson (1976) 1
Baxter–Sagart (2014) 2
Baxter (with Sagart, 2006) 2
Guangyun 3
  • Guangyun Fanqie 廣韻反切: 蘇前切 (Guangyun (Siku))
  • Guangyun Rime 廣韻音韻: 先 (Guangyun (Siku))
  • Guangyun Tone 廣韻聲調: 下平聲 (Guangyun (Siku))
Menggu Ziyun 4
  • Qieyun-system phonological position: 心開四先去 ((Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025))
  • Qieyun-system phonological position: 心開四先平 ((Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025))
  • Qieyun-system phonological position: 心開四先去 (Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025)
  • Qieyun-system phonological position: 心開四先平 (Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025)
Old Chinese 2
Baxter–Sagart (2014) 2
Japonic 4
Japanese 3
Okinawan (Uchinaaguchi) 1
Koreanic 2
Korean 2
Austroasiatic 1
Vietnamese 1

Input

Education notes

Dictionary indices

Encodings & mappings

Ideographic Research Group (IRG) sources

Other

Return to home