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Root / 中國漢文 / clean / 宋朝 / 南宋 / 史說 / 史說__juan_01.txt

Work: 史說 Viewing: Source

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大抵史有二體：編年之體始於左氏，紀傳之體始於司馬遷。其後班、范、陳壽之徒紀傳之體常不絕，至於編年之體則未有續之者。蓋溫公作通鑑，正欲續左氏。左氏之傳終云：『智伯貪而愎，故韓魏反而喪之。』左氏終於此，故通鑑始於此。然編年與紀傳互有得失，論一時之事，紀傳不如編年，論一人之得失，編年不如紀傳，要之二者皆不可廢。韓、魏之事，溫公論之詳矣，今姑言看通鑑之法。

昔陳瑩中嘗謂通鑑如藥山，隨取隨得。然雖是有藥山，又須是會采，若不能采，不過傳聞強記而已。壺丘子問於列子曰：『人之所遊，觀其所見；我之所遊，觀其所變。』此可取以為看史之法。大抵看史見治則以為治，見亂而以為亂，見一事則止知一事。何取觀史，當如身在其中，見事之利害時之禍患，必掩卷自思，使我遇此等事，當作如何處之，如此觀史，學問亦可以進，知識亦可以高方為有益。呂祖謙東萊集（同治退補齋本）     頁

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Metadata

Work: 史說
Display Title: 史說
Page title: 史說
Nation: 南宋
Chapter: root
Source Url: https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%AA%AA

Punctuation options

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Quotes

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大抵史有二體：編年之體始於左氏，紀傳之體始於司馬遷。其後班、范、陳壽之徒紀傳之體常不絕，至於編年之體則未有續之者。蓋溫公作通鑑，正欲續左氏。左氏之傳終云：『智伯貪而愎，故韓魏反而喪之。』左氏終於此，故通鑑始於此。然編年與紀傳互有得失，論一時之事，紀傳不如編年，論一人之得失，編年不如紀傳，要之二者皆不可廢。韓、魏之事，溫公論之詳矣，今姑言看通鑑之法。昔陳瑩中嘗謂通鑑如藥山，隨取隨得。然雖是有藥山，又須是會采，若不能采，不過傳聞強記而已。壺丘子問於列子曰：『人之所遊，觀其所見；我之所遊，觀其所變。』此可取以為看史之法。大抵看史見治則以為治，見亂而以為亂，見一事則止知一事。何取觀史，當如身在其中，見事之利害時之禍患，必掩卷自思，使我遇此等事，當作如何處之，如此觀史，學問亦可以進，知識亦可以高方為有益。呂祖謙東萊集（同治退補齋本）頁