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Metadata
- Work ID
- 92745
- Document ID
- 260040
- Title
- 素檀
- Corpus root
- 維基大典
- Page title
- 素檀
- File
- 素檀.txt
- Path
- 維基大典/clean/素檀/素檀.txt
Punctuation options
奧斯曼素檀穆罕默德二世
素檀(阿拉伯文:),又譯蘇丹,昔回回王號也,意為權力
。蓋回回諸國,地大而富,民多而勇,法嚴而信,教律而森。有四大城,名曰開羅、
巴格達、
麥加、
麥地那
。其中開羅為經貿之都,巴格達為文化之會,麥加為朝聖之地,麥地那為先知之墓。
素檀之號,自西域至
東亞,自北非至
南海,昔凡回回而有王者,皆所及也。其奉一神之教,名曰回教
。教義以《
古蘭經
》為本,以《
聖訓
》為輔。教法以沙里亞為準,以伊瑪目為領。教派有遜尼派、
什葉派、
蘇非派等。
素檀之治,以王庭為主,以部落為輔。諸素檀共戴天子,稱哈里發,即權先知也。回回諸國,昔學術以
哲學、
數學、
天文、
醫學、
文學等為著名。
藝術以建築、
雕刻、
書法、
音樂等為精彩。
當世回回諸國,或改共和、或稱國王。素檀之號,僅汶萊、
馬來西亞、
印尼日惹、
阿曼四地沿用。