泛亞漢文語料庫
丙午年 五月十有一日

參

Stroke animation unavailable for this character.

Codepoint: U+53C3 (21443) Unified

Base character

三 (U+4E09)

Variants

Definitions

CC-CEDICT

  1. three (banker's anti-fraud numeral)
  2. to take part in
  3. to participate
  4. to join
  5. to attend
  6. to counsel
  7. unequal
  8. varied
  9. irregular
  10. uneven
  11. not uniform
  12. abbr. for 參議院|参议院 Senate, Upper House
  13. used in 參差|参差[cen1 ci1]
  14. ginseng
  15. one of the 28 constellations

Unihan definition

take part in, intervene; ginseng

康熙字典

部: 厶部9畫 共11畫

〔古文〕𠫰朁【唐韻】【集韻】【韻會】【正韻】𠀤倉含切，音驂。
【集韻】謀度也，閒厠也。
又【玉篇】相謁也。
【廣韻】參，承也，覲也。
又【增韻】干與也，參錯也。
又【韻會】三相參爲參，五相伍爲伍。
【易·繫辭】參伍以變。
【韻會】左傳，自參以上。周禮，設其參。皆謂三相參列也。後世參軍，參謀，參知政事，蓋取此義。
又星名。
【前漢·天文志】參爲白虎三星，直者是爲衡石。【註】參三星者，白虎宿中，東西直似稱衡也。
又【唐韻】所今切【集韻】【韻會】【正韻】疏簪切，𠀤音森。
【說文】商星也。本作曑，从晶㐱聲。
【徐曰】其上晶與星同義也。今文作參。
又【韻會】叢立貌。
【束皙·補亡詩】參參其穡。
【論語】立則見其參於前。
又姓。
【廣韻】祝融之後。
又人參。藥名。本作薓。
又【唐韻】楚簪切【集韻】【韻會】初簪切，𠀤音嵾。
【廣韻】同嵾。嵾嵳，不齊貌。
【詩·周南】參差荇菜。
又【張衡·思𤣥賦】長余佩之參參。【註】長貌。
又【唐韻】【集韻】【韻會】【正韻】𠀤桑感切，音糝。雜也。
【韻會】與糝同。
【周禮·天官·司裘註】大射，大侯九十，參七十，干五十。
又【正韻】七紺切，音摻。曲名。
又參鼓，亦作摻鼓。
又與三通。
【周禮·冬官考工記】𠬅分去一。<hr>考證：〔
【前漢·天文志】參爲白虎三星，直者爲衡石。〕　謹照原文爲字上增是字。〔
【張衡·思元賦】長金佩之參參。〕　謹照原文金佩改余佩。【王宏源註】【張衡·思玄賦】，避諱玄字。

廣韻 Guangyun

部: 下平聲｜21.侵

上同

上同又七南所含二切俗作叅

倉含切參承參覲也俗作叅五

參鼓俗作叅

Variant-specific definitions (11)

㕘 (U+3558)

CC-CEDICT
  1. variant of 參|参[can1]
Unihan definition

to take part in; to visit; to counsel, one of the 28 lunar mansions; ginseng

叁 (U+53C1)

CC-CEDICT
  1. variant of 參|叁[san1]
Unihan definition

bank form of numeral 'three'

参 (U+53C2)

Unihan definition

take part in, intervene; ginseng; 21st lunar mansion, determinative star ζ Orionis (Alnitak)

叄 (U+53C4)

CC-CEDICT
  1. variant of 參|叁[san1]

叅 (U+53C5)

CC-CEDICT
  1. old variant of 參|参[can1]
Unihan definition

to counsel, to consult together; to take part in; to intervene

康熙字典

【正韻】倉含切，音驂。
【廣韻】參俗作叅。

喿 (U+55BF)

CC-CEDICT
  1. chirping of birds
Unihan definition

chirping of birds

康熙字典

【唐韻】蘇到切【集韻】【韻會】【正韻】先到切，𠀤音瘙。
【說文】鳥羣鳴也，从品在木上。
【集韻】或作噪𠹏。
又【集韻】千遙切，燥平聲。
【玉篇】臿屬金作鐰。
【集韻】本作𣂀。或作𢊙𣂥銚鍫橾。

弎 (U+5F0E)

CC-CEDICT
  1. archaic variant of 參|叁, banker's anti-fraud numeral three
Unihan definition

three

康熙字典

【說文】古文三字。註詳一部二畫。

曑 (U+66D1)

CC-CEDICT
  1. old variant of 參|参[shen1]
  2. (constellation)
康熙字典

【唐韻】【廣韻】所今切
【集韻】疏簪切，𠀤音森。
【說文】商星也。或省作𠻝。
【九經字樣】曑，隷省作𠻝。與參不同。今經典相承，多用參。

𠫰 (U+20AF0)

康熙字典

【集韻】參古作𠫰。註詳九畫。

𠻝 (U+20EDD)

康熙字典

【篇海】所金切，音森。星名。
又【五音集韻】所耽切，音叅。今作參。◎按卽參字之譌。

𦼒 (U+26F12)

康熙字典

【川篇】與蔘同。

Properties

Strokes & radicals

Pronunciation

Translingual 4
Fanqie 1
General Chinese (Chao, 1983) 3
Mandarin Chinese 66
Standard Mandarin 1
Beijing 2
Jinan 2
Woyang 2
Linquan 2
Yingshang 2
Shouxian 2
Xian 2
Wuchang 2
Guilin(Lingui) 2
Liuzhou(Luorong) 3
Huaiyuan 2
Huainan 2
Chuxian(Chuzhou) 2
Hefei 2
Chaoxian(Chaohu) 2
Old National Pronunciation 5
Wuhu 2
Tongcheng(Anhuishengzhi) 2
Xuancheng 2
Guichi 2
Anqing 2
Menggu Ziyun 10
  • Menggu Ziyun 蒙古字韻 (Phags-pa script): ꡑꡏ ((Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025))
  • Menggu Ziyun 蒙古字韻 (Phags-pa script): ꡮꡜꡞꡏ ((Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025))
  • Menggu Ziyun 蒙古字韻 (Phags-pa script): ꡑꡏ (Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025)
  • Menggu Ziyun 蒙古字韻 (Phags-pa script): ꡮꡜꡞꡏ (Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025)
  • Menggu Ziyun 蒙古字韻 (IPA): tsʰam ((Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025))
  • Menggu Ziyun 蒙古字韻 (IPA): ʂħim ((Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025))
  • Menggu Ziyun 蒙古字韻 (IPA): tsʰam (Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025)
  • Menggu Ziyun 蒙古字韻 (IPA): ʂħim (Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025)
  • Menggu Ziyun 蒙古字韻 tone: 平 ((Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025))
  • Menggu Ziyun 蒙古字韻 tone: 平 (Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025)
Zhongyuan Yinyun 9
  • Zhongyuan Yinyun 中原音韻 (楊耐思): tsʻam (周德清, 1324; nk2028/zhongyuan-data, 2023)
  • Zhongyuan Yinyun 中原音韻 (楊耐思): ʃəm (周德清, 1324; nk2028/zhongyuan-data, 2023)
  • Zhongyuan Yinyun 中原音韻 (寧繼福): tsʻam (周德清, 1324; nk2028/zhongyuan-data, 2023)
  • Zhongyuan Yinyun 中原音韻 (寧繼福): ʂəm (周德清, 1324; nk2028/zhongyuan-data, 2023)
  • Zhongyuan Yinyun 中原音韻 (薛鳳生): cham (周德清, 1324; nk2028/zhongyuan-data, 2023)
  • Zhongyuan Yinyun 中原音韻 (薛鳳生): srɨm (周德清, 1324; nk2028/zhongyuan-data, 2023)
  • Zhongyuan Yinyun 中原音韻 (unt): tsʰam (周德清, 1324; nk2028/zhongyuan-data, 2023)
  • Zhongyuan Yinyun 中原音韻 (unt): ʂɨm (周德清, 1324; nk2028/zhongyuan-data, 2023)
  • Zhongyuan Yinyun 中原音韻 tone: 陰 (周德清, 1324; nk2028/zhongyuan-data, 2023)
Jin Chinese 2
Taiyuan 2
Wu Chinese 80
Danyanghouxiangtongjiaqiao 2
Jingjiang 2
Danyang 2
Jiangyin 2
Changzhou 2
Jintanxigang 2
Liyang 2
Yixing 2
Changshu 1
Wuxi 2
Baoshanshuangcaodun 2
Kunshan 2
Suzhou 2
Suzhou(Dangdaiwuyu) 2
Shanghai(Sanlintang) 3
Wenzhou 2
Yunhe 2
Kaihua 3
Longyou 2
Changshan 3
Jiangshan(Jiangshanshi) 3
Yushan 2
Suichang 3
Guangfeng(Yongfengzhen) 3
Pucheng(Nanpuzhenchengguanhua) 1
Qingyuan 2
Xuanzhoushiqiugongxiang 2
Wuhuxian 2
Fanchang 2
Tonglingxian 2
Nanling(Xianfanghua) 2
Jingxian 2
Guichishimaotanxiang 2
Ningguoshizhuangcunxiang 2
Guichishiguankouxiang 2
Ningguoshinanjixiang 2
Huangshanqugantangzhen 2
Shitai 2
Hui Chinese 12
Jingde(Anhuishengzhi) 2
Jixi(Anhuishengzhi) 2
Huangshan(Tangkou)(Anhuishengzhi) 2
Yixian(Anhuishengzhi) 2
Qimen(Anhuishengzhi) 2
Tunxi(Anhuishengzhi) 2
Gan Chinese 78
Hukou 2
Xingzi 2
Duchang 1
Xiushui 1
Yongxiu 2
Pingjiang(Nanjiang) 1
Anyi 1
Fengxin 2
Nanchang 2
Gaoan 2
Yifeng 2
Shanggao 2
Wanzai 2
Xinyu(Shatu) 1
Liling(Baitutan) 1
Pingxiang 2
Yongfeng 2
Lianhua 2
Jian 2
Jishui(Luotian) 1
Yongxin 1
Taihe 2
Chaling 1
Dongxiang 2
Linchuan 2
Nancheng 1
Yihuang 2
Shaowu 1
Lichuan 2
Nanfeng 2
Taining(Chengguanhua) 2
Jianning 1
Jianning(Chengguanhua) 2
Leping 2
Boyang 2
Yugan 1
Hengfeng 2
Yiyang 1
Yangxin(Guohe) 1
Yuexi 2
Huaining 2
Qianshan 2
Taihu 2
Susong(Heta) 1
Susong(Anhuishengzhi) 2
Wangjiang 2
Dongzhi 2
Xiang Chinese 10
Zhangsha 2
Shuangfeng 2
Quanzhou(Xiancheng) 3
Guanyang(Wenshi) 3
Min Chinese 93
Nanan(Ximeizhen) 2
Jinjiang(Qingyangzhen) 2
Zhangzhou 3
Shamen 4
Zhangpu 3
Datian(Qianluhua) 1
Chaozhou(Fuchenghua) 3
Chaozhou(Hanyufangyinzihui) 2
Jieyang(Rongchenghua) 3
Chenghai 2
Shantou(Shantoushiqu) 3
Haifeng(Haichengzhen) 3
Lufeng(Neihuzhen) 4
Dabuyuanzhouzi(Xianggangxinjiefulaohua) 3
Dianbai(Xiadongzhenlihua) 2
Haikang(Leichenghua) 3
Xianyou(Chengguanhua) 2
Putian 2
Gutian 2
Mazu 2
Fuzhou 2
Fuqing 2
Zherong 2
Fuan 2
Ningde 2
Chongan(Chongchengzhenchengguanhua) 2
Shibei 2
Jianyang(Tanchengzhenchengguanhua) 2
Songxi 2
Jianou 2
Jianou(Shizhi) 2
Shaxian(Chengguanhua) 2
Mingxi(Chengguanhua) 2
Sanming(Sanyuanhua) 2
Pingnan(Shangduyabu)(Guangxihanyufangyan) 4
Zhongshan(Longdou)(Zhujiangsanjiaozhou) 2
Zhongshan(Longdou)(Guangdongminfangyan) 2
Zhongshan(Sanxiang) 2
Mangu(Chaozhouhua) 2
Jiangle(Chengguanhua) 2
Yue Chinese 185
Cantonese 1
Lechang 3
Renhua 2
Shaoguan 4
Qujiang(Maba) 2
Yingde 2
Fugang 3
Qingyuan 2
Conghua(Chengnei) 2
Huaxian(Huashan) 3
Guiping(Xiancheng) 2
Zengcheng(Xiancheng) 2
Sanshui(Xinan) 3
Guangzhou 2
Zhaoqing(Gaoyao) 2
Foshan(Shiqu) 2
Panyu(Shiqiao) 3
Yunfu(Yuncheng) 2
Nanhai(Shatou) 3
Gaoming(Mingcheng) 2
Shunde(Daliang) 2
Xintianfantian(Weitouhua) 3
Xinxing 2
Dabusanmenzi(Danjiahua) 3
Dabutaiheng(Weitouhua) 3
Xianggang(Shiqu) 2
Xigonghaoyong(Weitouhua) 3
Aomen(Shiqu) 2
Ningming(Xiancheng) 2
Beihai(Lianzhouzhen) 2
Beihai(Nankangzhen) 2
Beihai(Shatianzhenhaibianhua) 2
Beihai(Shiqubaihua) 2
Beihai(Yingpanzhenwahua) 2
Bose(Shinei) 2
Nanning(Shinei) 2
Qinzhou(Shinei) 2
Beihai(Shinei) 2
Heshan(Yayao) 3
Jiangmen(Baisha) 2
Xinhui(Huicheng) 2
Kaiping(Chikan) 3
Doumen(Shanghengshuishanghua) 3
Taishan(Taicheng) 2
Doumen(Doumenzhen) 2
Enping(Niujiang) 2
Lingui(Wutong)(Tuhua) 2
Rongshui(Xiancheng)(Tuguaihua) 3
Lianxian(Qingshui) 2
Pingle(Zhangjia)(Tuhua) 2
Lianshan(Butian) 2
Yizhou(Desheng)(Baixinghua) 2
Yangshan 3
Mengshan(Xihe) 2
Xindou(Pumen) 3
Huaiji 2
Bose(Nabi)(Pinghua) 2
Guangning 2
Wuxuan(Zhangcun)(Yahua) 2
Fengkai(Nanfeng) 2
Sihui 2
Yunan(Pingtai) 3
Binyang(Xinqiao)(Binyanghua) 2
Deqing 3
Guigang(Nanjiang) 3
Nanning(Shajing)(Pinghua) 2
Luoding 3
Beiliu(Tangliao) 2
Hengxian(Xiancheng) 2
Fusui(Longtou)(Pinghua) 2
Chongzuo(Sipaihua)(Pinghua) 2
Bobai(Xiancheng) 3
Lingshan(Xiancheng) 2
Pubei(Xiancheng) 2
Zhongshan(Shiqi) 3
Zhuhai(Qianshan) 3
Dongguan(Guancheng) 2
Baoan(Shajing) 3
Xianggang(Xinjiejintian) 2
Mangu(Guangfuhua) 2
Pinghua 54
Ningyuan(Qingshuiqiao) 3
Longsheng(Hongyao) 2
Lingchuan(Sanjie) 3
Lingchuan(Tanxia) 3
Guilin(Chaoyang) 2
Guilin(Yanshanzhuyuan) 2
Lingui(Liangjiang) 2
Yongfu(Taocheng) 3
Yangshuo(Jima) 2
Lingui(Wutong) 3
Rongshui(Rongshuizhen) 2
Pingle(Qinglong) 2
Funing(Boai) 2
Bose(Nabi)(Pinghuayinyunyanjiu) 3
Mashan(Qiaoli) 2
Tiandong(Linfeng) 2
Binyang(Luxu) 2
Nanning(Tingzi) 2
Hengxian(Hengzhou) 2
Fusui(Longtou) 2
Longzhou(Shanglong) 2
Tengxian(Tengcheng) 3
Yulin(Fumian) 3
Hakka Chinese 110
Conghua(Lütian) 2
Heyuan(Guangdong) 1
Jiexi(Guangdong) 1
Meixian(Guangdong) 2
Huizhou(Shiqu) 2
Dongguan(Qingxi)(Kegongfangyandiaochabaogao) 1
Dongguan(Qingxi) 2
Shenzhen(Shatoujiao) 2
Shatoujiaomaqueling(Xianggangxinjie) 3
Xigonglizhizhuang(Xianggangxinjie) 3
Shatianchiniping(Xianggangxinjie) 3
Xianggang 1
Tunmenyangxiaokeng(Xianggangxinjie) 3
Liannan(Guangdong) 1
Wengyuan(Guangdong) 1
Ninghua(Fujian) 1
Zhangting(Fujian) 1
Wuping(Fujian) 1
Xiuzhuan(Fujianzhaoan) 1
Ningdou(Jiangxi) 1
Ningdouxianmeijiangzhen 4
Shicheng 2
Longnan 2
Dingnan 2
Quannan 2
Quannanxianchengxiangzhen 3
Yudu 2
Shangyouxianshexixiangjiangtou 2
Gongxian(Jiangxipanlongzhen) 1
Shangyou(Jiangxi) 2
Nankang 2
Nankangshirongjiangzhen 3
Dayu(Jiangxi) 1
Anyuanxianxinshanzhen 2
Anyuan 2
Xiushuixianhuangshaqiaoxiang 2
Zaoxi 2
Sandou(Jiangxitonggu) 1
Tonggu 2
Jinggangshan 2
Xinyisihe 1
Xinyiqianpai 1
Yangchunsanjia 1
Gaozhouxindong 1
Lianjiangshijiao 1
Yangxitangkou 1
Dianbaishalang 1
Huazhouxinan 1
Lianjiangqingping 1
Wuzhouxihe(Mengshan) 1
Nanningmashan(Pianlian) 2
Yulinxingye(Gaofengxiang) 2
Yulinrongxian(Xiandizhenxiandicun) 3
Yulinbeiliu(Xilangzhenmumiancun) 3
Yulinbeiliu(Tangan) 3
Yulinfumian(Qiaozhenxinshacun) 2
Yulinluchuan(Kegongfangyandiaochabaogao) 1
Yulinluchuan(Hengshanxiangsihecun) 2
Yulinbobai(Xintianzhencuntoucun) 2
Zhongshan(Nanlangheshui) 2
Mangu(Banshankehua) 2
Malaixiya(Roufoshinaikejiahua) 2
Other Sinitic varieties 26
Fuchuan(Qidouhua) 2
Fuchuan(Badouhua) 2
Zhongshan(Gongan) 2
Hezhou(Jiudouhua) 2
Hunan(Daoxian) 2
Fengyang 3
Xingzi 3
Xian 3
Baoan 4
Lianzhou 3
Middle Chinese 14
Baxter–Sagart (2014) 4
Baxter (with Sagart, 2006) 2
Guangyun 4
  • Guangyun Fanqie 廣韻反切: 上同又七南所含二切 (Guangyun (Siku))
  • Guangyun Fanqie 廣韻反切: 倉含切 (Guangyun (Siku))
  • Guangyun Rime 廣韻音韻: 侵 (Guangyun (Siku))
  • Guangyun Tone 廣韻聲調: 下平聲 (Guangyun (Siku))
Menggu Ziyun 4
  • Qieyun-system phonological position: 清開一覃平 ((Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025))
  • Qieyun-system phonological position: 生開三侵平 ((Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025))
  • Qieyun-system phonological position: 清開一覃平 (Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025)
  • Qieyun-system phonological position: 生開三侵平 (Nk2028/menggu-ziyun-data, 2025)
Old Chinese 4
Baxter–Sagart (2014) 4
Japonic 3
Japanese 3
Koreanic 2
Korean 2
Austroasiatic 1
Vietnamese 1

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Ideographic Research Group (IRG) sources

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